← 1-Year PathQ2 · Crypto

Week 21 — Leverage & Short Mechanics

The full mechanics of leverage and short selling — including the math that kills accounts.

Week 21 of 52 · ~6 hours · 13 slides · exam + project

Leverage, Deconstructed

Understand the exact mechanics before you ever touch the button.

What you will learn

  • Master leverage ratios and liquidation
  • Understand short-selling mechanics fully
  • Compute position size from risk

Why losses hurt more

TimePortfolio value Drawdown peak → trough
Why losses hurt more

Risking a fixed % per trade

Total capital: $100,000 2% risk $2,000 max loss per trade Risk a fixed % of capital per trade so no single loss can break you.
Risking a fixed % per trade

Leverage is a loan

Leverage is borrowing to increase position size. The exchange lends you the asset or capital; you post margin as collateral. The leverage ratio tells you the multiple. The catch: your collateral must cover losses, or the position is closed automatically.

💡 Reading the numbers

You have $1,000 and open a 10x long. You control $10,000. Initial margin = 10%. If the position loses 10% ($1,000), your equity is gone and you're liquidated. The 'leverage' number is literally '1 ÷ the move that kills you.'

Short selling mechanics

To short: you borrow the asset from the exchange, sell it at market, and later buy it back to repay. Your profit is sell price − buy-back price. You pay borrowing interest, and if the price rises, you must buy back higher — a loss that can exceed your margin.

The asymmetric risk

Long risk is capped (asset can only go to zero: −100%). Short risk is unbounded (price can rise infinitely). This asymmetry is why shorts require more discipline, tighter stops, and smaller size than longs.

Position sizing from risk

The disciplined formula: position size = (account × risk %) ÷ stop distance. Risk 1% of a $10,000 account = $100. With a 5% stop, size = $100 ÷ 5% = $2,000. You never risk more than your predetermined amount, regardless of conviction.

💡 Why sizing beats predicting

You don't need to predict the future to survive — you need to survive your mistakes. Fixed-fraction risk sizing ensures that even a string of losses only shaves a small, survivable % off your account. Consistency of risk, not accuracy of prediction, is the edge.

❓ Quick check

The formula for position size from risk is:

A) account × risk% × stop
B) (account × risk%) ÷ stop distance
C) account ÷ leverage
D) risk% × leverage
(Knowledge check — full exam is next)

Key takeaways

  • Leverage = 1 ÷ the move that liquidates you
  • Short risk is unbounded; long risk is capped
  • Position size = (account × risk%) ÷ stop distance

📝 Weekly Exam — pass with 80% to unlock next week

10 questions. Review the Deep Dive and courses before attempting.

1. Leverage is essentially:
Leverage = borrowed position size.
2. 10x leverage means a ___ adverse move liquidates you:
100/10 = 10%.
3. The maximum loss on a long position is:
Long loss capped at 100%.
4. The maximum loss on a short position is:
Price can rise without limit.
5. To short, you first:
Borrow → sell → buy back later.
6. Risk 1% of a $10,000 account equals:
1% of 10k = $100.
7. With a 5% stop and $100 risk, position size is:
100 / 0.05 = $2,000.
8. Why does fixed-fraction sizing beat prediction?
Survivability is the edge.
9. Shorting requires more discipline because:
Asymmetric, unbounded risk.
10. The leverage number can be read as:
It defines the fatal move.
Your score: —

🛠 Weekly Project

Build a position-sizing calculator in your journal.

1
Define your demo account size and a 1% risk budget.
2
Pick 3 trades with different stop distances (2%, 5%, 10%).
3
Compute the position size for each using the formula.
4
Write one sentence on how the formula changed your sizing instinct.
Open tool →
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